在抓斗使用中常见的故障是是磨料磨损,根据相关数据分析可以发现在抓斗失效形式中,由于销抽磨损而丧失工作性能的约占40%，由于斗体刃磨损而丧失工作性能的约占30%，而由于滑轮磨损及其它部件损坏而丧失工作性能的约占30%。由此可见，提高抓斗销轴与轴套的抗磨性，提高斗体刃口抗磨性，这二者是提高抓斗使用寿命的重要途径。影响材料磨损的因素有外部因素及内部因素。外部因素有载荷、滑动速度、磨料的硬度和几何形状等因素。内部因素有材料的化学成份、碳化物类型、显微组织等。外部因素不言而喻，这里不一一叙述。为提高抓斗的使用寿命，要针对抓斗各磨损部位的不同情况，选用不同的耐磨材料，并辅之不同的加工工艺，从而大大提高抓斗的使用寿命。The common fault in the use of grab buckets is abrasive wear. According to relevant data analysis, it can be found that among the forms of grab bucket failure, about 40% of them lose their working performance due to pin extraction wear, about 30% lose their working performance due to bucket body edge wear, and about 30% lose their working performance due to pulley wear and other component damage. From this, it can be seen that improving the wear resistance of the grab shaft and shaft sleeve, as well as improving the wear resistance of the bucket body edge, are important ways to improve the service life of the grab. The factors that affect material wear include external and internal factors. External factors include load, sliding speed, hardness and geometric shape of the abrasive. Internal factors include the chemical composition of the material, the type of carbide, and microstructure. The external factors are self-evident and will not be described one by one here. To improve the service life of the grab, different wear-resistant materials should be selected according to the different wear parts of the grab, supplemented by different processing techniques, in order to greatly improve the service life of the grab.